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Catastrophic ocular complications in leprosy: a case report
Samyak Ashok Ganjre1, Sandhya Jeria2, Bhushan Madke1
1Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
The Pan African Medical Journal
|July 24, 2023
Summary
Leprosy can cause severe vision loss and physical deformities. Early eye exams for leprosy patients are crucial to prevent irreversible blindness and manage complications.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Infectious Diseases
- Dermatology
Background:
- Leprosy (Hansen's disease) is a chronic infectious disease affecting skin, nerves, and eyes, often leading to stigma and delayed treatment.
- Physical disabilities and deformities persist even after presumptive cure, impacting quality of life and self-care.
- Reduced visual acuity significantly increases the risk of injury, particularly in leprosy patients.
Observation:
- Presents a case of complete vision loss in a leprosy patient due to bilateral anterior staphyloma secondary to keratitis.
- The patient's physical deformities further complicated his ability to manage eye care.
Findings:
- The case highlights the severe ophthalmic consequences of leprosy, including keratitis leading to anterior staphyloma and total blindness.
- Delayed presentation and the chronic nature of the disease contribute to profound and potentially irreversible visual impairment.
Implications:
- Emphasizes the critical need for baseline ophthalmology consultations for all newly diagnosed leprosy patients.
- Recommends regular eye examinations, especially upon the onset of new ocular symptoms, to prevent vision loss and manage complications effectively.
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