Fluoroscopy-Guided Lumbar Spinal Nerve Stimulation to Treat Chronic Scrotal Pain

Chronic scrotal pain (CSP) is a challenging problem for both pain physicians and urologists. Depending on the cause, treatment options may include pharmacological management, spermatic cord blocks, microsurgical denervation of the spermatic cord, botulinum toxin injections, and ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) of ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerves. We describe a new target for the treatment of CSP by PNS of the L2 spinal nerve and a novel technical approach of using fluoroscopic guidance to stimulate lumbar spinal nerves, which can potentially be used for different indications.