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Fatal Complications of Extensive Drug-Resistant Typhoid Fever: A Case Report

Yasmeen J Khalaf1, Rawan Alagha2

  • 1Surgery, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, BHR.

Cureus
|July 24, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Extensively drug-resistant typhoid fever (XDR S. typhi) can cause severe complications like massive gastrointestinal bleeding. This case highlights fatal hepatic and bleeding complications, emphasizing travel history in diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Internal Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella Typhi, is a significant global health concern.
  • Emergence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Salmonella Typhi strains poses a therapeutic challenge.
  • XDR S. typhi infections are increasingly associated with severe complications.

Observation:

  • A 28-year-old male traveler from Pakistan presented with fever and bloody diarrhea.
  • The patient developed massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding, a severe complication.
  • Hepatic manifestations were also noted as a contributing factor.

Findings:

  • The case involved a fatal outcome due to complications of XDR typhoid fever.
  • This represents the first reported case of fatal typhoid fever with these complications in Bahrain.
  • The patient's condition was complicated by extensive drug resistance of the S. typhi strain.

Implications:

  • Highlights the critical importance of recognizing gastrointestinal bleeding and hepatic involvement in typhoid fever.
  • Underscores the need for prompt diagnosis and appropriate management of XDR typhoid fever, especially in travelers.
  • Emphasizes the role of travel history in identifying potential exposure to resistant pathogens.
Keywords:
antibiotic resistancecomplications of typhoid feverhepatic manifestationsmassive gastrointestinal bleedingsalmonella typhityphoid feverxdr- typhoid

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