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A Novel Non-invasive Method for the Detection of Elevated Intra-compartmental Pressures of the Leg
Published on: May 31, 2019
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Isolated lateral leg compartment syndrome: A case report.
Majd M Alrayes1, Mohammad Alqudah2, Walaa Bani Hamad3
1Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Dammam Medical Complex, Dammam 32210, Saudi Arabia.
World Journal of Orthopedics
|July 24, 2023
Summary
Isolated lateral leg compartment syndrome can present atypically without trauma. Early recognition of specific signs like pain on passive inversion and dorsiflexion is crucial for timely fasciotomy and complete recovery.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Emergency Medicine
- Sports Medicine
Background:
- Acute leg compartment syndrome is a surgical emergency requiring prompt treatment to prevent limb-threatening complications.
- While typically associated with trauma and involving multiple compartments, isolated lateral leg compartment syndrome is rare and challenging to diagnose due to atypical presentations.
Observation:
- A 31-year-old male presented with severe calf pain after a football match, initially misdiagnosed as a soft tissue injury.
- Clinical examination revealed a tense, tender lateral compartment, with pain exacerbated by dorsiflexion and ankle inversion; neurovascular status was normal.
Findings:
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed a large hematoma in the lateral compartment with a possible peroneus longus tear.
- Emergency open fasciotomy was performed, leading to complete recovery and return to sports activities within 18 months.
Implications:
- The diagnosis of isolated lateral leg compartment syndrome is often delayed due to the absence of classic signs.
- Pain on passive inversion and dorsiflexion, along with weak active eversion, may serve as key indicators for this condition.
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