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Charged Lipids Modulate the Phase Separation in Multicomponent Membranes.

Yifei Wang1, Sheereen Majd1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3551 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77204, United States.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|July 24, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Charged lipids, like DOPA and DOTAP, can suppress phase separation in lipid membranes. This effect depends on surface charge density and can be neutralized by oppositely charged lipids or divalent cations.

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Area of Science:

  • Membrane biophysics
  • Lipid self-assembly
  • Biomolecular interfaces

Background:

  • Membrane phase separation is crucial for cellular functions.
  • The role of charged lipids in membrane phase behavior is not fully understood.
  • Lipid properties and concentrations dictate membrane organization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of anionic and cationic lipids on multicomponent membrane phase behavior.
  • To test if charged lipids impede phase separation in membranes.
  • To determine the relationship between charged lipid concentration and phase separation suppression.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized ternary lipid mixtures (DOPC:DPPC:Chol).
  • Incorporated anionic (DOPA) and cationic (DOTAP) lipids.
  • Analyzed phase separation using fluorescence microscopy on giant liposomes.

Main Results:

  • Phase separation was suppressed when over half of DOPC was replaced by DOPA or DOTAP.
  • Suppression effect increased with higher charged lipid content.
  • Surface charge density was a key factor, with half-maximal effect at ~0.0072 C Å⁻².
  • DOPA's effect was neutralized by DOTAP; Ca²⁺ neutralized DOPA's effect.

Conclusions:

  • Charged lipid content significantly influences membrane phase behavior.
  • Surface charge density detrimentally affects membrane phase separation.
  • Findings offer insights for designing synthetic lipid membranes with controlled phase behavior.