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SN1 Reaction: Stereochemistry02:15

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Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
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The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...
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For successful DNA replication, the unwinding of double-stranded DNA must be accompanied by stabilization and protection of the separated single strands of the DNA. This crucial task is performed by single-strand DNA-binding (SSB) proteins. They bind to the DNA in a sequence-independent manner, which means that the nitrogenous bases of the DNA need not be present in a specific order for binding of SSB proteins to it. The binding of SSB proteins straightens single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and makes...
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Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids
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Sequence-controlled chiral induced spin selectivity effect in ds-DNA.

Neeraj Bangruwa1, Suryansh1, Mayra Peralta2,3

  • 1Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|July 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) in double-stranded DNA influences electron lifetimes and spin polarization. This DNA spin effect impacts electron transfer and could enable novel DNA sensors.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biophysics
  • Nanotechnology
  • Quantum Chemistry

Background:

  • Chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) is a phenomenon where chiral molecules induce spin polarization in charge carriers.
  • Double-stranded DNA (ds-DNA) possesses chirality, suggesting potential for CISS effects.
  • Understanding sequence-dependent spin transport in DNA is crucial for molecular electronics and sensing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sequence-dependent chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) in double-stranded DNA (ds-DNA).
  • To quantify the impact of CISS on photo-excited electron lifetimes and spin polarization.
  • To explore the potential of CISS in ds-DNA for developing next-generation DNA sensors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized time-correlated single-photon counting and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
  • Employed tight-binding calculations combined with Green's function formalism for transport simulations.
  • Analyzed the influence of CISS on electron lifetimes and spin-polarized electron yield in ds-DNA systems.

Main Results:

  • Observed a significant difference in average electron decay time (345 ps) due to CISS in ds-DNA for opposite spin polarities.
  • Demonstrated a reduction of over 35% in spin-polarized electron yield from perfect ds-DNA to DNA with point mutations.
  • Experimental findings were supported by theoretical simulations using tight-binding and Green's function methods.

Conclusions:

  • Established a fundamental understanding of sequence-specific, spin-dependent electron transfer through ds-DNA.
  • Highlighted the role of CISS in modulating electron transport properties of DNA.
  • Paved the way for the development of advanced, spin-based DNA sensors leveraging CISS effects.