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Outpatient atorvastatin use and severe COVID-19 outcomes: A population-based study

Irene Visos-Varela1, Maruxa Zapata-Cachafeiro1,2,3, Samuel Pintos-Rodríguez1

  • 1Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

Journal of Medical Virology
|July 24, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Chronic atorvastatin use may decrease severe COVID-19 outcomes, including hospitalization and mortality. Simvastatin also showed a reduced risk of mortality, suggesting specific statins, not the class, impact COVID-19 severity.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Inconsistent evidence exists regarding statin use and COVID-19 severity.
  • Statins are commonly prescribed lipid-lowering medications.
  • Understanding potential protective effects is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between chronic statin use and severe COVID-19 outcomes.
  • To assess the impact of specific statin active ingredients on COVID-19 risk.
  • To investigate statin effects on COVID-19 hospitalization, mortality, progression, and susceptibility.

Main Methods:

  • Population-based case-control study utilizing electronic health records.
  • Assessed risk of hospitalization, mortality, progression, and susceptibility to COVID-19.
  • Analyzed data from 2821 hospitalized cases, 26,996 non-hospitalized cases, and 52,318 controls.

Main Results:

  • Chronic atorvastatin use was linked to decreased hospitalization (aOR=0.83) and mortality (aOR=0.70) from COVID-19.
  • Atorvastatin use was also associated with lower susceptibility to the virus (aOR=0.91).
  • Simvastatin use showed a reduced risk of mortality (aOR=0.59).
  • Significant heterogeneity among statins indicated no overall class effect.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic use of atorvastatin is associated with a reduced risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes.
  • Simvastatin may also offer some protection against COVID-19 mortality.
  • Findings suggest specific statins, particularly atorvastatin, may play a role in mitigating severe COVID-19.
  • No overall class effect of statins on COVID-19 severity was observed.

Keywords:
COVID-19atorvastatinhospitalizationmortalityoutpatientstatins

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