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GASP: a genetic algorithm for state preparation on quantum computers.

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Summary
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We developed a genetic algorithm for state preparation (GASP) to create efficient, low-depth quantum circuits for initializing quantum computers. GASP outperforms existing methods, reducing gate counts for synthesizing quantum states with high fidelity.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Computing
  • Quantum Information Science
  • Algorithm Development

Background:

  • Efficient quantum state preparation is crucial for quantum algorithms, especially in the NISQ era with limited quantum resources.
  • Low-depth quantum circuits are essential for implementation on current noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices.
  • Existing state preparation methods face challenges in resource efficiency and circuit depth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel genetic algorithm for state preparation (GASP) to generate efficient, low-depth quantum circuits.
  • To enable the initialization of quantum computers into specified quantum states with high fidelity.
  • To compare GASP's performance against established state initialization techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a genetic algorithm with a basis set of single-qubit rotations and CNOT gates.
  • Systematically generating quantum circuits to synthesize target states to a required fidelity.
  • Implementing and comparing GASP with IBM Qiskit's exact synthesis method on simulated and physical quantum devices.

Main Results:

  • GASP generates quantum circuits with significantly lower depth and gate counts compared to other methods for a given accuracy.
  • The algorithm demonstrates superior performance in synthesizing various quantum states, including Gaussian and W-states.
  • Results show a consistent reduction in the number of gates required for accurate state preparation.

Conclusions:

  • GASP offers a more efficient approach to quantum state preparation, crucial for advancing NISQ algorithms.
  • The method's ability to produce lower-depth circuits mitigates error accumulation, enhancing implementation fidelity.
  • GASP provides a competitive and effective alternative to existing state initialization techniques in quantum computing.