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Related Concept Videos

Coordination of Gene Expression Processes in Bacteria01:29

Coordination of Gene Expression Processes in Bacteria

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The DNA replication, transcription, and translation processes are intricately coupled in bacteria, allowing efficient gene expression and rapid protein synthesis. While this physical and functional coordination is advantageous, it introduces challenges that bacteria overcome through specific regulatory mechanisms.Coupling of Replication, Transcription, and TranslationThe coupling of replication, transcription, and translation is a hallmark of bacterial gene expression. As the replisome unwinds...
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What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

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Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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Constitutive and Regulated Gene Expression01:27

Constitutive and Regulated Gene Expression

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Gene expression in prokaryotes is governed by constitutive and regulated systems, allowing cells to balance the production of essential proteins with adaptive responses to environmental changes.Constitutive Gene ExpressionConstitutive, or housekeeping, genes are continuously expressed as they encode proteins vital for fundamental cellular processes. These include enzymes for glycolysis, ribosomal components for protein synthesis, and proteins involved in DNA replication. Their constant...
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Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

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Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
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Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing01:28

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing

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Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 22, 2025

High-Throughput Transcriptome Analysis for Investigating Host-Pathogen Interactions
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Co-expression module analysis reveals high expression homogeneity for both coding and non-coding genes in sepsis.

Xiaojun Liu1, Chengying Hong1, Yichun Jiang1

  • 1Department of Critical Care, Shenzhen People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, China.

BMC Genomics
|July 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Sepsis is a deadly condition impacting millions. This study reveals key mRNA and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) interactions, identifying CHRM3-AS2 and PRKCQ-AS1 as potential sepsis regulators.

Keywords:
Co-expression networkGene moduleNon-coding RNASepsis

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Last Updated: Jul 22, 2025

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A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis
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A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Systems Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Sepsis is a life-threatening condition with high mortality rates, characterized by organ dysfunction due to a harmful host response to infection.
  • Previous research on sepsis has primarily focused on individual genes, neglecting the complex interactions and associations crucial for understanding the disease.
  • A systems biology approach is needed to comprehensively analyze the genome-wide expression alterations in sepsis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comprehensive exploration of genome-wide expression alterations in both messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in sepsis.
  • To identify key mRNA and lncRNA modules and their co-expression patterns using a systems biology approach.
  • To uncover potential regulatory molecules and pathways involved in sepsis pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized six microarray datasets for comprehensive genome-wide expression analysis of mRNAs and lncRNAs in sepsis.
  • Constructed co-expression networks to identify distinct mRNA and lncRNA modules.
  • Compared sepsis-associated modules with normal modules to identify conserved patterns and potential regulators.

Main Results:

  • Observed homogeneous expression patterns within identified mRNA and lncRNA modules in sepsis, with consistent expression directions.
  • Identified conserved modules across diverse datasets, including 20 common mRNAs and two specific lncRNAs (CHRM3-AS2 and PRKCQ-AS1), suggesting their regulatory roles in sepsis.
  • Found that up-regulated mRNAs are primarily associated with neutrophil-mediated immunity, while down-regulated mRNAs and lncRNAs are enriched in T-cell mediated immunity functions.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides novel insights into the co-expression patterns of mRNAs and lncRNAs in sepsis from a systems biology perspective.
  • Identified CHRM3-AS2 and PRKCQ-AS1 as potential key regulators in sepsis, offering new avenues for research.
  • The findings may facilitate the discovery of candidate therapeutic targets and molecular biomarkers for sepsis management and treatment.