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Severe Typhoid Fever Complicated by Superior Mesenteric and Splenic Vein Thrombosis

Piero Veronese1, Marco Pappalardo1, Valentina Maffini1

  • 1Pediatric Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.

Infectious Disease Reports
|July 25, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Typhoid fever, a common bacterial infection from Salmonella typhi, can lead to severe complications. This case highlights an extremely rare instance of thrombosis in the superior mesenteric and splenic veins.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vascular Medicine
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella typhi, remains a significant global health concern.
  • It is a common bacterial bloodstream infection transmitted via contaminated food and water.
  • Clinical presentation typically includes prolonged fever, abdominal symptoms, leukocytosis, and anemia.

Observation:

  • This report details a severe case of typhoid fever.
  • The patient presented with an extremely uncommon complication: thrombosis of the superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein.

Findings:

  • Salmonella typhi infection can manifest with severe vascular complications.
  • Superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein thrombosis are rare but serious sequelae of typhoid fever.
  • Multi-organ complications are possible in severe typhoid fever cases.

Implications:

  • Highlights the potential for severe vascular complications in typhoid fever.
  • Emphasizes the need for vigilance in diagnosing and managing thrombosis in typhoid patients.
  • Contributes to understanding the diverse clinical spectrum of Salmonella typhi infections.
Keywords:
Salmonella typhienteric feverthrombosis

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