Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

32
Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
32
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

26
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
26
Acute Respiratory Failure-I01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-I

250
Acute respiratory failure is a condition characterized by the inability of the lungs to perform their primary function: gas exchange. This failure leads to insufficient oxygen levels (hypoxemia) in the blood, elevated carbon dioxide levels (hypercapnia), or both, causing critical impairment in organ function.
Definition: It is defined by specific criteria based on blood gas measurements. Hypoxemia happens when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) falls below 60 mmHg. At the same time,...
250
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

34
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
34
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

33
Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
33
Acute Respiratory Failure-V01:29

Acute Respiratory Failure-V

165
The treatment for acute respiratory failure varies based on factors like the underlying cause, overall health, and severity. A collaborative healthcare team is essential for early detection, often through arterial blood gas analysis. Identifying the cause is the primary goal, with treatment strategies adjusted for ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch, shunting, or diffusion impairment.
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
165

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

ESPGHAN position paper on screening, diagnosis and investigation of paediatric metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition·2026
Same author

Clinical Course and Outcomes of Paediatric Chronic Hepatitis B: Insights From a Multicenter Longitudinal Cohort of 248 Patients.

Journal of viral hepatitis·2026
Same author

Exploring the mediterranean diet among medical students: A multicenter PREDIMED survey.

Clinical nutrition ESPEN·2026
Same author

Nirsevimab Immunization to Prevent Pediatric RSV Hospitalizations.

JAMA pediatrics·2026
Same author

Obesity, Nutrition and the Multiple Sclerosis Risk in Adolescents.

Brain sciences·2026
Same author

ERCP-based management of pediatric chronic pancreatitis: Results from a retrospective long-term multicentric study.

Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver·2026
Same journal

When Platelet Stimulation Becomes Marrow Stress: Rethinking Thrombopoietin Receptor Agonist Intensification in Pediatric Immune Thrombocytopenia.

Pediatric reports·2026
Same journal

Effects of White Noise on Academic Skills in Children with ADHD and Specific Learning Disorders: New Perspectives for Personalised Rehabilitation and Educational Intervention.

Pediatric reports·2026
Same journal

Blended and Technology-Enhanced Education in Pediatric Emergency Nursing: A Systematic Review.

Pediatric reports·2026
Same journal

A Century of Post-Traumatic Appendicitis: A Comprehensive Review with an Illustrative Case.

Pediatric reports·2026
Same journal

A Coordinated Adhesion-Molecule Activation Profile in Pediatric Sepsis: A Prospective Cohort Study from Vietnam.

Pediatric reports·2026
Same journal

Efficacy and Safety of Umifenovir (Arbidol) in Children with Influenza-like Illnesses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Pediatric reports·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 22, 2025

Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen
09:44

Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen

Published on: November 27, 2019

10.2K

Pediatric Acute Liver Failure.

Claudia Mandato1, Pietro Vajro1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana" University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy.

Pediatric Reports
|July 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent global reports highlight pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) clusters in young children. This emerging health concern involves severe acute hepatitis cases, prompting worldwide medical interest.

More Related Videos

Inducing Acute Liver Injury in Rats via Carbon Tetrachloride CCl4 Exposure Through an Orogastric Tube
06:12

Inducing Acute Liver Injury in Rats via Carbon Tetrachloride CCl4 Exposure Through an Orogastric Tube

Published on: April 28, 2020

11.4K
A Mouse Model of Chronic Liver Fibrosis for the Study of Biliary Atresia
09:12

A Mouse Model of Chronic Liver Fibrosis for the Study of Biliary Atresia

Published on: February 3, 2023

2.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 22, 2025

Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen
09:44

Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen

Published on: November 27, 2019

10.2K
Inducing Acute Liver Injury in Rats via Carbon Tetrachloride CCl4 Exposure Through an Orogastric Tube
06:12

Inducing Acute Liver Injury in Rats via Carbon Tetrachloride CCl4 Exposure Through an Orogastric Tube

Published on: April 28, 2020

11.4K
A Mouse Model of Chronic Liver Fibrosis for the Study of Biliary Atresia
09:12

A Mouse Model of Chronic Liver Fibrosis for the Study of Biliary Atresia

Published on: February 3, 2023

2.5K

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Recent global outbreaks of severe acute hepatitis in children have raised significant concerns.
  • These cases, classified as non-A to non-E hepatitis, primarily affect young children, with a median age of two years.
  • The unexplained nature of these outbreaks necessitates urgent investigation into potential causes and risk factors.

Discussion:

  • The etiology of these pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) cases remains largely unknown.
  • Investigating potential infectious agents, environmental factors, and host immune responses is crucial.
  • Understanding the epidemiology and clinical presentation is vital for early diagnosis and management.

Key Insights:

  • Multiple international clusters of severe acute hepatitis in children have been identified.
  • The affected population predominantly consists of previously healthy young children.
  • The non-A to non-E classification underscores the need for novel diagnostic approaches.

Outlook:

  • Further research is essential to elucidate the causative agents and pathogenesis of PALF.
  • Developing effective diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies is a priority.
  • Global collaboration is key to monitoring and responding to future outbreaks.