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Impacts of MicroRNA-483 on Human Diseases
Katy Matson1, Aaron Macleod1, Nirali Mehta1
1Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA.
Abstract:
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression by targeting specific messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in distinct cell types. This review provides a com-prehensive overview of the current understanding regarding the involvement of miR-483-5p and miR-483-3p in various physiological and pathological processes. Downregulation of miR-483-5p has been linked to numerous diseases, including type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, diabetic nephropathy, and neurological injury. Accumulating evidence indicates that miR-483-5p plays a crucial protective role in preserving cell function and viability by targeting specific transcripts. Notably, elevated levels of miR-483-5p in the bloodstream strongly correlate with metabolic risk factors and serve as promising diagnostic markers. Consequently, miR-483-5p represents an appealing biomarker for predicting the risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular diseases and holds potential as a therapeutic target for intervention strategies. Conversely, miR-483-3p exhibits significant upregulation in diabetes and cardiovascular diseases and has been shown to induce cellular apoptosis and lipotoxicity across various cell types. However, some discrepancies regarding its precise function have been reported, underscoring the need for further investigation in this area.
Insights
MicroRNA-483-5p (miR-483-5p) shows protective roles in diseases like diabetes and is a potential biomarker. Conversely, miR-483-3p is linked to disease progression and cell death, requiring further study.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
- Biochemistry
Background:
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression.
- miR-483-5p and miR-483-3p are implicated in various physiological and pathological conditions.
- Dysregulation of these miRNAs is associated with metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of miR-483-5p and miR-483-3p roles.
- To explore their involvement in disease pathogenesis and potential as biomarkers.
- To highlight therapeutic implications and areas for future research.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on miR-483-5p and miR-483-3p.
- Analysis of miRNA expression patterns in disease states.
- Investigation of miRNA-mediated gene regulation mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Downregulation of miR-483-5p is linked to type 2 diabetes, fatty liver, diabetic nephropathy, and neurological injury.
- miR-483-5p protects cell function and viability; elevated levels correlate with metabolic risk factors.
- miR-483-3p is upregulated in diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, inducing apoptosis and lipotoxicity, though its function requires further clarification.
Conclusions:
- miR-483-5p is a promising biomarker for diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk and a potential therapeutic target.
- miR-483-3p's role in disease warrants further investigation due to observed cellular effects and conflicting data.
- Understanding these miRNAs offers insights into metabolic and cardiovascular disease mechanisms.
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