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Sexual harassment is prevalent in surgical training, with the operating room (OR) being the most common location. This study highlights a permissive OR culture, not just hierarchy, as a factor contributing to harassment among surgical trainees.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Surgical Training
  • Workplace Harassment

Background:

  • Sexual harassment is a recognized issue within surgical training programs.
  • Recent years have seen increased attention on this problem.
  • The specific environments where harassment occurs in surgical training require further description.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the most common locations for sexual harassment in surgical training.
  • To understand the perpetrators and types of harassment experienced by surgical trainees.

Main Methods:

  • An anonymous, voluntary, electronic survey was distributed to surgical trainees nationwide.
  • Sixteen general surgery training programs participated.
  • The survey achieved a 30% response rate.

Main Results:

  • Nearly half (48.9%) of respondents reported experiencing sexual harassment.
  • The operating room (OR) was the most frequent location (74% of harassed respondents).
  • Attendings and nurses were identified as common harassers in the OR, with sexist slurs being the most common form of harassment.

Conclusions:

  • The operating room is the primary setting for sexual harassment experienced by surgical trainees.
  • Harassment in surgical training may stem from a permissive OR culture, involving attendings and nurses, rather than solely hierarchical issues.
  • Surgical training programs must actively address and eliminate conditions that allow sexual harassment in the OR.