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Defective kernel 66 encodes a GTPase essential for kernel development in maize.

Yi Ming Wei1,2, Bo Hui Wang1, Dong Jie Shao1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China.

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|July 25, 2023
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A novel maize gene, DEK66, is crucial for kernel development. This mitochondrial ribosomal assembly factor impacts cell energy, leading to defective kernels when mutated.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Mitochondrial Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Mitochondria are vital organelles responsible for cellular energy production via oxidative phosphorylation.
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction can lead to various cellular defects and developmental issues in plants.
  • Ribosome biogenesis is essential for protein synthesis within mitochondria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize genes involved in maize kernel development.
  • To investigate the role of mitochondrial ribosomal assembly factors in plant organelle function.
  • To understand the impact of DEK66 on maize kernel phenotype and mitochondrial health.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic screening to identify mutants with defective maize kernels.
  • Gene cloning and characterization of the candidate gene DEK66.
  • Analysis of mitochondrial structure and function in wild-type and mutant maize.
  • Transcriptome analysis to assess gene expression changes in the mutant.

Main Results:

  • A novel mutant, dek66, exhibited defective maize kernels with impaired mitochondrial structure and function.
  • DEK66 encodes a mitochondrial ribosomal assembly factor with GTPase activity.
  • The dek66 mutant showed increased reactive oxygen species and programmed cell death in endosperm cells.
  • Key genes related to nutrient storage, respiratory chain, and mitochondrial ribosomes were significantly altered in the mutant.

Conclusions:

  • DEK66 is essential for normal maize kernel development by maintaining mitochondrial integrity and function.
  • Mitochondrial ribosomal assembly factors play a critical role in plant organelle biogenesis and cellular homeostasis.
  • This study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial dysfunction in maize kernel development.