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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 21, 2025

Traditional Trail Making Test Modified into Brand-new Assessment Tools: Digital and Walking Trail Making Test

Published on: November 23, 2019

Estimating marksmanship performance during walking while maintaining weapon aim.

Maria K Talarico¹, Frank Morelli¹, Jingzhen Yang²

¹Weapons Branch, Human Systems Integration (HSID), Combat Capabilities Development Command (DEVCOM) - Analysis Center (DAC), Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, USA.

Applied Ergonomics

|July 25, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Tactical athletes’ shooting accuracy while moving is significantly impacted by their static shooting skill and the time they spend with both feet on the ground during movement. Load carriage and movement speed did not affect dynamic marksmanship performance.

Keywords:

Biomechanics Tactical athlete Target engagement

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Area of Science:

Biomechanics
Human Performance
Tactical Training

Background:

Dynamic marksmanship is crucial for tactical athletes, but performance standards are not uniform.
Existing research on static marksmanship lacks depth regarding factors influencing dynamic performance.
Understanding these factors is vital for optimizing tactical athlete readiness.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the influence of static marksmanship, movement speed, load carriage, and biomechanics on dynamic marksmanship performance.
To identify key predictors of accuracy while 'shooting on the move' in tactical athletes.
To inform standardized assessment and training protocols for tactical marksmanship.

Main Methods:

Twenty-four male tactical athletes performed static and dynamic marksmanship tasks under varying load (no load, half kit, full kit) and speed conditions.
Hip, knee, and ankle kinematics were recorded using wireless inertial measurement units.
Marksmanship accuracy was quantified using mean radial error (MRE) from acoustic target scoring.

Main Results:

Static marksmanship accuracy (MRE) and time spent in double limb support during movement were significant predictors of dynamic MRE.
Each 1 cm increase in static MRE corresponded to a 0.66 cm increase in dynamic MRE.
Each 1% increase in double limb support time correlated with a 0.13 cm increase in dynamic MRE.

Conclusions:

Tactical athletes with poorer static shooting accuracy and longer double limb support times exhibit reduced dynamic shooting accuracy.
Lower extremity joint angles, load carriage, and movement speed did not significantly impact dynamic shooting performance.
Novel movement characteristics in tactical 'shoot on the move' scenarios warrant further investigation.