Raman spectroscopy for postmortem interval estimation of human skeletal remains: A scoping review

Area of Science:

• Forensic Science
• Biophysics
• Materials Science

Background:

• Accurate postmortem interval (PMI) estimation is critical for forensic investigations.
• Current PMI methods rely on subjective expertise and environmental factors, often leading to inaccuracies.
• Existing techniques for bone and soft tissue decomposition analysis are limited, especially for extended periods.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the application of Raman spectroscopy (RS) for postmortem interval estimation.
• To highlight RS as a potential innovative solution for determining time since death.
• To address the need for reliable methods in skeletal remains analysis.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing research on Raman spectroscopy applications in forensic science.
• Analysis of chemical modifications in bones and teeth correlated with decomposition time.
• Focus on RS as a non-destructive and rapid analytical technique.

Main Results:

• Raman spectroscopy shows potential for estimating PMI by detecting chemical changes over time.
• RS offers a non-destructive and fast alternative to current costly and time-consuming methods.
• The technique is particularly promising for skeletal remains, where other methods falter.

Conclusions:

• Raman spectroscopy presents a novel, efficient, and reliable approach for PMI estimation.
• This technique can overcome limitations of current methods, especially for long postmortem intervals.
• Further research and validation are needed for widespread forensic application.