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Management of Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease

Kirthika Venkatesan1, Nisha Nigil Haroon2

  • 1Caribbean Medical University School of Medicine, 25 Pater Euwensweg, Willemstad, Curaçao; Walden University, 650 South Exerter Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA.

Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
|July 26, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), a common liver condition, affects over 30% of the global population. Current management emphasizes lifestyle changes due to a lack of approved medications.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology and Gastroenterology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), formerly nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is the leading cause of chronic liver disease globally.
  • Prevalence exceeds 30%, with increasing rates linked to obesity and related conditions.
  • MAFLD is a significant and growing indication for liver transplantation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the current understanding of Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).
  • To highlight the risk factors, extrahepatic complications, and management strategies for MAFLD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing epidemiological data.
  • Analysis of risk factors, including lifestyle, genetics, and gut microbiota.
  • Examination of associated extrahepatic conditions and current treatment paradigms.

Main Results:

  • MAFLD is the most prevalent liver disease worldwide, affecting over 30% of individuals.
  • Key risk factors include adverse lifestyles, genetic predispositions, advanced age, male sex, and gut dysbiosis.
  • Associated conditions encompass cardiovascular disease, renal dysfunction, and colorectal cancer.

Conclusions:

  • MAFLD represents a significant global health burden with increasing prevalence.
  • Effective management currently relies on lifestyle modifications due to the absence of specific pharmacotherapies.
  • Further research into targeted treatments is warranted given the disease's complexity and associated complications.
Keywords:
Bariatric proceduresLifestyle modificationsMetabolic-associated fatty liver diseaseNonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseNonalcoholic steatohepatitisPharmacotherapy

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