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Related Concept Videos

Genetic Screens02:46

Genetic Screens

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Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing  genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
Forward genetic screens
Forward or “classical” genetic screens involve creating random mutations in an organism’s DNA using radiation, mutagens, or insertion of additional bases, which...
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Pre-Implantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy on a Semiconductor Based Next-Generation Sequencing Platform
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Rapid genetic screening with high quality factor metasurfaces.

Jack Hu1, Fareeha Safir2, Kai Chang3

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. hujack@stanford.edu.

Nature Communications
|July 26, 2023
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Summary

This study introduces a novel label-free genetic screening platform using high-Q silicon nanoantennas for rapid molecular detection. The technology offers sensitive and specific identification of gene fragments without amplification, paving the way for advanced diagnostics.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Diagnostics

Background:

  • Genetic analysis is crucial for personalized medicine and diagnostics.
  • Current methods like PCR and NGS require amplification and can face inhibition issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a label-free genetic screening platform using high-Q silicon nanoantennas.
  • To demonstrate sensitive and specific detection of gene fragments without amplification.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized high-Q silicon nanoantennas functionalized with nucleic acid fragments.
  • Employed DNA hybridization for specific gene fragment detection.
  • Tested the platform in buffer and spiked nasopharyngeal eluates.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high-Q factor (average 2,200) in nanoantennas.
  • Successfully detected SARS-CoV-2 E and ORF1b gene fragments with high specificity.
  • Demonstrated femtomolar sensitivity in buffer and nanomolar sensitivity in eluates within 5 minutes.
  • Patterned nanoantennas at high densities (160,000/cm²).

Conclusions:

  • The developed platform provides a foundation for rapid, compact, and amplification-free molecular assays.
  • High-Q nanoantennas enable sensitive and specific genetic screening.
  • Potential for highly-multiplexed detection in complex biological samples.