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A blockchain-enabled sharing platform for personal health records.

Yibin Dong1, Seong K Mun1, Yue Wang1

  • 1Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Arlington, VA, 22203, USA.

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|July 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a blockchain-enabled platform for secure sharing of longitudinal personal health records (PHR). The system enhances patient-controlled data security, privacy, and consent granularity, addressing critical gaps in current U.S. healthcare data management.

Keywords:
BlockchainPatient consentPersonal health recordPrivacySecuritySharing platformTrustfulness

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Area of Science:

  • Health Informatics
  • Blockchain Technology
  • Cybersecurity

Background:

  • Longitudinal personal health records (PHR) are crucial for patient care but are fragmented across U.S. healthcare facilities.
  • Sharing challenges stem from privacy, security, business interests, and patient consent concerns.
  • Existing systems lack patient-managed granularity for data access control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and implement a blockchain-enabled sharing platform prototype for PHR.
  • To provide patient-controlled data security, privacy, and granular consent management.
  • To address the gap in longitudinal PHR management in the U.S.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a blockchain-enabled sharing platform based on a prior blockchain-enabled access control (BAC) model.
  • Implemented a prototype involving a patient and two healthcare organizations.
  • Utilized Hyperledger Fabric blockchain for consensus and validation, establishing mutual trust between patients and providers.

Main Results:

  • A Web-based PHR sharing platform was constructed, offering patient-controlled security, privacy, and consent granularity.
  • The system demonstrated millisecond-range performance for access permission changes on hundreds of PHRs.
  • The BAC model ensures consent, security, and privacy; however, a non-graphical database currently limits scalability.

Conclusions:

  • A feasible solution combining blockchain and advanced access control for longitudinal PHR sharing was demonstrated.
  • The system provides enhanced data security, privacy, auditability, scalability, distributedness, patient consent autonomy, and zero-trust capabilities.
  • Future improvements suggest incorporating a graphical database to enhance system scalability.