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Subclinical hearing loss associated with aging.

Cristian Aedo-Sanchez¹, José Oliveros², Constanza Aranguiz²

¹Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile.

Journal of Otology

|July 27, 2023

Summary

Adults show subtle age-related hearing decline, impacting high-frequency sounds and speech clarity. This study reveals early signs of hearing loss in older adults compared to younger individuals.

Keywords:

Age-related hearing loss Aging Auditory electrophysiology Cochlear synaptopathy Speech perception

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Area of Science:

Audiology
Gerontology
Neuroscience

Background:

Aging is associated with gradual hearing loss, but subclinical deficits remain poorly understood.
Early detection of age-related hearing changes is crucial for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate subclinical hearing deficits in normal-hearing adults compared to younger individuals.
To compare auditory perceptual and electrophysiological performance between age groups.

Main Methods:

Evaluated 45 normal-hearing volunteers (27 young, 18 adult) using tonal audiometry, high-frequency tone thresholds, digit triplet tests in noise, and auditory brainstem response (ABR).

Main Results:

Adults exhibited significantly worse high-frequency thresholds (12-16 kHz) and poorer performance in speech-in-noise tests.
Electrophysiological findings in adults included lower ABR wave I and V amplitudes and increased V wave latency.
Age correlated negatively with speech-in-noise performance and high-frequency thresholds, independent of hearing level.

Conclusions:

Findings suggest subclinical hearing loss associated with aging.
Age-related changes affect both peripheral and central auditory processing, even in individuals with normal audiograms.