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Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin create...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Burn Injuries01:22

Burn Injuries

Burn injuries occur when the skin and underlying tissues are damaged due to exposure to heat, electricity, chemicals, radiation, or friction. They can vary in severity, from minor superficial burns to severe deep burns that can be life-threatening.
The damage results in the death of skin cells, which can lead to a massive loss of fluid. Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and renal and circulatory failure follow, which can be fatal. Burn patients are treated with intravenous fluids to offset...
The Skin Microbiota01:27

The Skin Microbiota

The human skin serves as a complex ecosystem inhabited by a diverse community of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. This microbiome plays a critical role in maintaining skin health and defending against pathogenic invaders. The composition of microbial communities varies significantly across different regions of the body, influenced primarily by the local levels of moisture and sebum.Regional Variation in Skin MicrobiotaCutibacterium acnes predominantly colonizes sebaceous...
Acne Infection01:27

Acne Infection

Acne is a multifactorial skin condition primarily affecting adolescents and young adults, with a global prevalence estimated to exceed 75% in this demographic. The condition is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and, in severe cases, cysts, particularly in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the face, neck, chest, and back. The pathogenesis involves increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, colonization by...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Vascular Occlusion Training for Inclusion Body Myositis: A Novel Therapeutic Approach
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Inclusion body myositis with early onset: a population-based study.

Ulrika Lindgren1,2, Carola Hedberg-Oldfors3, Rille Pullerits4,5

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. ulrika.lindgren@gu.se.

Journal of Neurology
|July 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Early-onset inclusion body myositis (IBM) is a severe condition affecting younger individuals, characterized by progressive muscle weakness and reduced survival. This study highlights the disease

Keywords:
EpidemiologyInclusion body myositisInflammatory myopathyMitochondrial DNAMuscular weakness

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Genetics
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Inclusion body myositis (IBM) typically affects individuals over 45, with limited research on younger patients.
  • IBM is an inflammatory myopathy causing progressive muscle weakness and lacks effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize early-onset inclusion body myositis (IBM) in a population-based cohort.
  • To investigate the clinical presentation, genetic factors, and survival outcomes in young IBM patients.

Main Methods:

  • A 33-year population-based study identified 142 IBM patients, including six with early-onset IBM (onset <50 years).
  • Data collected included medical records, muscle strength, comorbidities, muscle biopsies, and nuclear/mitochondrial DNA.
  • Early-onset IBM cases were compared with age-matched IBM patients and controls.

Main Results:

  • The median age at symptom onset for early-onset IBM was 36 years; diagnosis occurred at a median of 43 years.
  • Median survival from diagnosis was 14 years, with a prevalence of 1.2 per million inhabitants.
  • Significant quadriceps muscle strength decline (0.91%/month) and high mitochondrial DNA mutation load were observed.

Conclusions:

  • Early-onset IBM is a severe, progressive myopathy in young and middle-aged individuals.
  • The disease is associated with significant muscle weakness, mitochondrial dysfunction, and reduced survival.
  • Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and develop treatments for early-onset IBM.