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Replication success measures in social sciences vary, impacting study conclusions. This research compares common methods and introduces a new correspondence test for better replication probability assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Social and behavioral sciences
  • Psychology
  • Research methodology

Background:

  • Replicability crisis in social and behavioral sciences necessitates robust methods for assessing replication success.
  • Current measures for comparing effect estimates across studies lack widespread agreement.
  • Replication success conclusions are sensitive to the chosen correspondence measure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To formally describe and compare commonly used measures for assessing replication success.
  • To evaluate the performance of different measures based on their replication probabilities.
  • To introduce a novel 'correspondence test' for replication success.

Main Methods:

  • Formal description of conclusion-based and distance-based replication measures.
  • Comparison of measures' performance across various study contexts using replication probabilities.
  • Development of closed formulas for power calculations to aid in planning replication studies.
  • Application of measures to a real-world replication dataset (Open Science Collaboration, 2015).

Main Results:

  • Replication success conclusions are shown to be dependent on the specific correspondence measure employed.
  • Performance of different measures varies depending on study-specific settings.
  • The proposed correspondence test integrates difference and equivalence testing.

Conclusions:

  • The choice of replication measure significantly influences the interpretation of replication success.
  • Researchers need to carefully select appropriate measures for evaluating replication.
  • The study provides tools and insights for planning more reliable replication efforts.