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Published on: January 16, 2019
Tensile cracks can shatter classical speed limits
Meng Wang1, Songlin Shi1, Jay Fineberg1
1Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
Abstract:
Brittle materials fail by means of rapid cracks. Classical fracture mechanics describes the motion of tensile cracks that dissipate released elastic energy within a point-like zone at their tips. Within this framework, a "classical" tensile crack cannot exceed the Rayleigh wave speed, [Formula: see text]. Using brittle neo-hookean materials, we experimentally demonstrate the existence of "supershear" tensile cracks that exceed shear wave speeds, [Formula: see text]. Supershear cracks smoothly accelerate beyond [Formula: see text], to speeds that could approach dilatation wave speeds. Supershear dynamics are governed by different principles than those guiding "classical" cracks; this fracture mode is excited at critical (material dependent) applied strains. This nonclassical mode of tensile fracture represents a fundamental shift in our understanding of the fracture process.
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