Biochemical characterization and molecular modification of a zearalenone hydrolyzing enzyme Zhd11D from Phialophora attinorum

ZEN lactone hydrolase (ZHD) can hydrolyze zearalenone (ZEN) to less or non-toxic product, providing an environment-friendly way for food or feeds-containing ZENs detoxification. Here, a newly identified ZHD from Phialophora attinorum, annotated as Zhd11D, was characterized to exhibit highest activity against ZEN at pH 8.0 and 35 ℃ with a specific activity of 304.7 U/mg, which was far higher than most of the reported ZHDs. A nonspecific protein engineering method was introduced through fusing a segment of amphiphilic short peptide S1 at the N-terminus of Zhd11D, resulting in both improved activity (1.5-fold) and thermostability (2-fold at 40 ℃). Biochemical analysis demonstrated that self-aggregation caused by intermolecular interactions between S1 contributed to the improvement of the enzymatic properties of Zhd11D. Additionally, S1-Zhd11D showed a higher hydrolysis rate of ZEN than Zhd11D in peanut oil.