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Stress indicators in minorities with multiple sclerosis.

Evelyn A Hunter1, J M Meyer1, G M Brown1

  • 1Special Education, Rehabilitation, and Counseling, Auburn University, Auburn, United States.

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
|July 27, 2023
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Black Americans with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience worse symptoms and higher distress. Discrimination is linked to increased anxiety and sleep disturbances in Black individuals with MS, impacting their health.

Keywords:
DiscriminationHealth disparitiesMultiple sclerosisWell-being

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Psychiatry
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Black Americans with multiple sclerosis (MS) face greater disability than White Americans.
  • Comorbidities like depression and anxiety are prevalent and undertreated in Black individuals with MS, affecting quality of life.
  • Discrimination contributes to stress, exacerbating mental health issues such as depression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare MS symptom severity between Black and White Americans.
  • To investigate the association between discrimination and worsened MS symptoms in Black Americans.
  • To explore the impact of race-related stress on the physical and mental health of Black Americans with MS.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 143 people living with MS (plwMS) in the Stress Indicators in Minorities with Multiple Sclerosis (SiMMS) study.
  • Utilized the Mann-Whitney U test to compare symptom measures between Black and White participants.
  • Employed correlation analyses to examine the relationship between discrimination and specific health outcomes in Black participants.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences were observed in NIH Emotional Distress - Anxiety (p=0.045) and NIH Sleep Disturbance (p=0.044) between Black and White participants.
  • Discrimination showed a significant positive correlation with anxiety (r=0.677, p<0.001) and sleep disturbance (r=0.446, p=0.007) in Black individuals with MS.
  • Several physiological and psychological measures correlated with anxiety and sleep disturbance.

Conclusions:

  • Worsened MS symptoms in Black Americans are associated with increased experiences of discrimination.
  • Discrimination and race-related stress negatively impact the physical and mental health of Black Americans with MS.
  • Highlights the need to address discrimination and its health consequences in minority populations with chronic illnesses.