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Epigenetic regulation of temozolomide resistance in human cancers with an emphasis on brain tumors: Function of

Aryan Rezaee1, Pooya M Tehrany2, Farimah Jafari Tirabadi3

  • 1Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie
|July 27, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) significantly influence brain tumor response to chemotherapy. Understanding how microRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs modulate drug resistance is crucial for improving glioblastoma treatment outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Brain tumors present significant therapeutic challenges due to the blood-brain barrier and emergent drug resistance.
  • Temozolomide (TMZ) is a key chemotherapy agent, but resistance limits its efficacy.
  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play critical roles in various diseases, including cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of ncRNAs in modulating drug resistance in brain tumors, specifically resistance to temozolomide (TMZ).
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which ncRNAs influence TMZ efficacy.
  • To highlight the potential of targeting ncRNAs for improved brain cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on ncRNAs (miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs) and their impact on TMZ resistance in brain tumors.
  • Analysis of molecular pathways modulated by ncRNAs affecting tumor growth, invasion, and drug response.
  • Exploration of interactions between different ncRNA types and their regulatory functions.

Main Results:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) modulate brain tumor growth, invasion, and response to TMZ through various molecular pathways.
  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) influence TMZ chemotherapy efficacy by interacting with molecular pathways and miRNAs, either inducing or suppressing resistance.
  • Circular RNAs (circRNAs) act as miRNA sponges, regulating miRNA activity and impacting TMZ chemotherapy response.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs, including miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, are key regulators of TMZ resistance in brain tumors.
  • Targeting ncRNAs offers a promising strategy to overcome drug resistance and enhance the effectiveness of brain cancer chemotherapy.
  • Further research into ncRNA-mediated pathways is essential for developing novel therapeutic interventions for brain malignancies.
Keywords:
Brain tumorsChemotherapyDrug resistanceMolecular pathwaysTemozolomide

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