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Related Concept Videos

Confirmation Biases01:31

Confirmation Biases

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The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
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Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
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Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification03:00

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The confidence interval is the range of values around the mean that contains the true mean. It is expressed as a probability percentage. The interpretation of a 95% confidence interval, for instance, is that the statistician is 95% confident that the true mean falls within the interval. The upper and lower limits of this range are known as confidence limits. The confidence limits for the true mean are estimated from the sample's mean, the standard deviation, and the statistical factor...
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In order to make good decisions, we use our knowledge and our reasoning. Often, this knowledge and reasoning is sound and solid. However, sometimes, we are swayed by biases or by others manipulating a situation. For example, let’s say you and three friends wanted to rent a house and had a combined target budget of $1,600. The realtor shows you only very run-down houses for $1,600 and then shows you a very nice house for $2,000. Might you ask each person to pay more in rent to get the...
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The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 26, 2026

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Reassurance reconsidered.

D G Buchsbaum

    Social Science & Medicine (1982)
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Physician reassurance is a valuable therapeutic tool for all patients, not just those with minor ailments. Effective reassurance requires clear communication, empathy, and understanding the patient

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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Practice
    • Patient Communication
    • Therapeutic Interventions

    Background:

    • Reassurance is a common physician intervention.
    • It is often reserved for patients with benign conditions.
    • Its use in chronic or progressive diseases is also appropriate.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the role and effectiveness of reassurance as a therapeutic intervention.
    • To highlight the importance of physician communication in reassurance.
    • To emphasize the goals of reassurance in patient care.

    Main Methods:

    • The study reviews the application of reassurance in medical practice.
    • It analyzes the components of effective reassurance.
    • It emphasizes the physician's communication skills and commitment to the doctor-patient relationship.

    Main Results:

    • Reassurance can effectively relieve patient anxiety.
    • It helps restore a patient's sense of autonomy.
    • Successful reassurance depends on understanding the patient's perspective and needs.

    Conclusions:

    • Reassurance is a versatile therapeutic intervention applicable to various conditions.
    • Effective physician-patient communication and empathy are crucial for successful reassurance.
    • Understanding the patient's illness perception is key to providing impactful reassurance.