Comparison of Treatment Results by Coil Embolization Procedures for Ruptured Cerebral Aneurysms

In coil embolization of ruptured cerebral aneurysms, intraoperative cerebral aneurysm re-rupture and thromboembolism are of concern. A good embolic condition can be expected by adjunctive techniques, but there is an increased risk of complications. We investigated the treatment results by coil embolization procedures for ruptured cerebral aneurysms.

Between January 2016 and December 2019, 75 ruptured saccular cerebral aneurysms were treated by coil embolization at our hospital. The background factors, results of aneurysm embolization, intraoperative re-rupture, symptomatic cerebral embolism, and other factors were investigated retrospectively. We compared and examined these factors based on the procedure.

The mean age was 62.8 and there were 57 female patients (76.0%). The single catheter technique (SCT) was used in 44 cases (58.7%) and the adjunctive technique was used in 31 cases (41.3%). Complete obliteration (CO) was achieved in 24 cases (32.0%), there was a neck remnant (NR) in 23 (30.7%), body filling (BF) was observed in 28 (37.3%), intraoperative re-rupture occurred in 7 (9.3%), and symptomatic cerebral embolism developed in 6 (8.0%), but no postoperative re-rupture was observed. Retreatment was required in only three cases of SCT. On comparison by procedure, the incidence of symptomatic cerebral embolism was significantly lower in SCT group than in the adjunctive technique group (2.3% vs 16.1%, p = 0.04).

Among the cases of coil embolization for ruptured cerebral aneurysms at our hospital, SCT resulted in a lower incidence of symptomatic cerebral embolism than adjunctive techniques. It is essential to select an appropriate procedure in each case by understanding the characteristics of each procedure.