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Related Concept Videos

Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

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As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
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Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

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Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
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Hematopoiesis01:21

Hematopoiesis

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The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
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Hemangioblasts are multipotent stem cells originating from the mesoderm. They give rise to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which undergo hematopoiesis to produce all the formed elements of blood. This process is regulated by a complex network of hematopoietic growth factors, including transcription factors, growth factors, and cytokines. These factors stimulate the HSCs to divide and differentiate, though some HSCs remain undifferentiated to maintain a self-renewing pool.
Most HSCs commit to...
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Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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Overview of Hematopoiesis01:20

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Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 21, 2025

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Transposable elements in normal and malignant hematopoiesis.

Eline Lemerle1, Eirini Trompouki1

  • 1IRCAN Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, INSERM Unité 1081, CNRS UMR 7284, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.

Disease Models & Mechanisms
|July 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transposable elements (TEs) are repetitive DNA sequences that still function in the genome. These elements influence blood cell development, immunity, and diseases like leukemia, offering therapeutic potential.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile DNA sequences, with most rendered immobile by evolutionary mutations.
  • Despite immobility, TEs retain significant biological functions within the genome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifaceted roles of transposable elements in hematopoietic processes.
  • To understand TE involvement in inflammation, aging, and hematological malignancies.
  • To identify therapeutic potential through manipulation of TEs in hematopoietic systems.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on transposable elements and hematopoiesis.
  • Analysis of TE functions in cellular plasticity, immune sensing, and disease states.
  • Exploration of TE impact on leukemia and lymphoma.

Main Results:

  • TEs contribute to hematopoiesis during development, regeneration, and aging byPopulating functional genomic elements like enhancers.
  • TE RNA can activate innate immune sensors, influencing inflammation and inflammaging.
  • TEs have complex roles in leukemia and lymphoma, with both positive and negative effects.

Conclusions:

  • Transposable elements exert crucial functions in the hematopoietic system, impacting health and disease.
  • Further research into TE functions is essential for developing novel therapeutic strategies in hematology.