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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

64
The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

CRISPR and crRNAs

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
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The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR01:23

The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR

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CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
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Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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Application of CRISPR Cas Systems for Biosensing.

Chung Chiun Liu1, Yifan Dai1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.

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|July 28, 2023
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Biosensors are crucial for medical diagnostics, offering sensitive and selective detection of biomarkers. Advancements in biosensor technology enhance disease monitoring and quantification for improved healthcare outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Biosensors are vital tools in medicine, requiring high sensitivity and selectivity for biomarker detection.
  • Accurate monitoring and quantification of biomarkers are essential for diagnosing and managing diseases.
  • The development of advanced biosensor technologies is key to improving medical insights.

Discussion:

  • Essential biosensor properties include sensitivity and selectivity for accurate biomarker measurement.
  • These properties are critical for the detection, monitoring, and quantification of disease indicators.
  • Optimizing these characteristics drives progress in medical applications.

Key Insights:

  • Biosensors must possess superior sensitivity and selectivity for effective medical use.
  • Biomarker detection, monitoring, and quantification are primary applications.
  • These attributes are fundamental to the utility of biosensors in healthcare.

Outlook:

  • Future biosensor development will focus on enhancing sensitivity and selectivity.
  • Continued innovation aims to improve biomarker quantification for personalized medicine.
  • Enhanced biosensor performance promises to revolutionize medical diagnostics and patient care.