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Related Concept Videos

Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes03:08

Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes

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In addition to the oxymercuration–demercuration method, which converts the alkenes to alcohols with Markovnikov orientation, a complementary hydroboration-oxidation method yields the anti-Markovnikov product. The hydroboration reaction, discovered in 1959 by H.C. Brown, involves the addition of a B–H bond of borane to an alkene giving an organoborane intermediate. The oxidation of this intermediate with basic hydrogen peroxide forms an alcohol.
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Negative Additive Manufacturing of Complex Shaped Boron Carbides
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High Boron Content Enhances Bioactive Glass Biodegradation.

Amina Gharbi1,2, Hassane Oudadesse3, Hafedh El Feki4

  • 1CEM Lab, National Engineering School of Sfax, Sfax University, Sfax 3018, Tunisia.

Journal of Functional Biomaterials
|July 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study developed novel bioactive borosilicate glasses (BaG-Bx) with high boron content for enhanced bone regeneration. These glasses exhibit improved bioactivity, faster degradation, and superior hydroxyapatite formation, making them promising for bone tissue engineering.

Keywords:
boronborosilicate bioactive glassdegradationhydroxyapatite layerphysico-chemical characterizations

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Materials Chemistry
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Hench bioactive glasses (BaG) are crucial for bone development and regeneration.
  • Boron (B) enhances BaG dissociation but has limited incorporation capacity.
  • Existing methods restrict the amount of boron in BaG, limiting its potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel bioactive borosilicate glasses (BaG-Bx) with significantly increased boron content using the sol-gel process.
  • To achieve a high boron concentration (20 wt.%) in BaG while maintaining bioactivity and biodegradability.
  • To investigate the effect of increased boron content on the bioactivity, degradation, and apatite formation of BaG.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of BaG-Bx glasses with varying boron content (0, 5, 10, 20 wt.%) via the sol-gel process.
  • In vitro assessment of apatite phase formation by immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF).
  • Characterization of chemical structure and morphology using X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
  • Evaluation of bioactivity and chemical stability through ion exchange studies using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS).

Main Results:

  • Successfully fabricated BaG-Bx glasses with up to 20 wt.% boron, a first for this material system.
  • Observed the formation of a hydroxyapatite (HAp) layer on BaG-Bx surfaces in SBF, confirmed by XRD, IR, SEM, and TEM.
  • Demonstrated that increasing boron concentration enhances the crystallization rate and quality of the HAp layer.
  • Showed that higher boron content leads to accelerated degradation of BaG-Bx in SBF.

Conclusions:

  • The developed BaG-Bx glasses with high boron content exhibit enhanced bioactivity and improved degradation rates.
  • The enhanced hydroxyapatite layer formation and faster degradation make BaG-Bx suitable for bone regeneration applications.
  • These findings suggest BaG-Bx, particularly due to its faster degradation, is a promising candidate for bone regeneration, especially in pediatric applications.