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Antibacterial Biomaterial Based on Bioglass Modified with Copper for Implants Coating
Imen Hammami1, Sílvia Rodrigues Gavinho1, Suresh Kumar Jakka1
1I3N and Physics Department, Aveiro University, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
Journal of Functional Biomaterials
|July 28, 2023
Summary
Incorporating copper into 45S5 Bioglass® creates effective antibacterial implant coatings. This novel material inhibits bacterial growth and promotes osseointegration, reducing implant infections and improving long-term success.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Materials Engineering
- Orthopedic Implant Technology
Background:
- Biofilm-related implant infections are a major clinical challenge, often leading to implant failure and revision surgeries.
- Current treatments for implant infections are limited, necessitating the development of advanced antimicrobial implantable materials.
- 45S5 Bioglass® is known for its regenerative properties, but lacks inherent antimicrobial activity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate novel antibacterial implant coating materials by incorporating copper into 45S5 Bioglass®.
- To assess the antibacterial efficacy, cytocompatibility, and bioactivity of copper-modified bioglasses.
- To determine the optimal copper concentration for enhanced implant performance.
Main Methods:
- Copper oxide (CuO) was incorporated into 45S5 Bioglass® at various concentrations (0-8 mol%) using the melt-quenching technique.
- Structural characterization was performed using Raman and FTIR spectroscopies.
- Antibacterial activity was tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
- Cell viability was assessed using the Saos-2 cell line.
- Bioactivity was evaluated by observing calcium phosphate layer formation.
Main Results:
- Structural analysis showed no significant changes in bioglass structure with copper addition.
- Significant inhibition of bacterial growth was observed with bioglass containing 0.5 mol% CuO.
- Bioglasses with up to 4 mol% CuO demonstrated good cytocompatibility with Saos-2 cells.
- All tested bioglasses formed a calcium phosphate layer within 24 hours, indicating bioactivity.
Conclusions:
- Copper incorporation into 45S5 Bioglass® significantly enhances its antibacterial properties without compromising structural integrity or cytocompatibility.
- The optimal concentration of 0.5 mol% CuO provides potent antimicrobial effects against common implant pathogens.
- Copper-modified bioglass shows promise as an advanced implant coating material, offering improved infection prevention and osseointegration capabilities.
