Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

193.6K
Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
193.6K
Fluid Movement Between Compartments01:18

Fluid Movement Between Compartments

576
The force applied by fluids against a surface, known as hydrostatic pressure, initiates the transfer of fluid among different compartments. Within our blood vessels, the blood's hydrostatic pressure is a result of the heart's pumping action. At the arteriolar end of capillaries, hydrostatic pressure (capillary blood pressure) exceeds the opposing colloid osmotic pressure created primarily by plasma proteins like albumin. This discrepancy in pressure propels plasma and nutrients from the...
576
Aquaporins01:25

Aquaporins

4.9K
Aquaporins or AQPs are a family of integral membrane proteins whose primary function is to transport water, while some called aquaglyceroporins also transport glycerol. In addition, aquaporins have also been suspected to be involved in transporting volatile substances, such as carbon dioxide and ammonia, across membranes. Such AQPs that act as gas channels are often highly expressed in cells involved in the gaseous exchange, such as red blood cells, epithelial cells, and pulmonary capillaries.
4.9K
Osmosis01:30

Osmosis

5.6K
Osmosis is the movement of free water molecules through a semipermeable membrane.  The water's concentration gradient across the membrane is inversely proportional to the solutes' concentration. Whereas diffusion transports material across membranes and within cells, osmosis transports only water across a membrane, and the membrane limits the diffusion of solutes in the water. Osmosis is a special case of diffusion.
Water, like other substances, moves from a high concentration of...
5.6K
Damped Oscillations01:07

Damped Oscillations

5.8K
In the real world, oscillations seldom follow true simple harmonic motion. A system that continues its motion indefinitely without losing its amplitude is termed undamped. However, friction of some sort usually dampens the motion, so it fades away or needs more force to continue. For example, a guitar string stops oscillating a few seconds after being plucked. Similarly, one must continually push a swing to keep a child swinging on a playground.
Although friction and other non-conservative...
5.8K
Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

4.4K
Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
4.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Negatively Curved Chiral Bilayer Nanographene.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Electrosynthesis of C<sub>6</sub> Chemicals by Propylene Oxidative Coupling on Au Surface.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Vacuum Pyrolysis Engineered CoSb/C Scaffold for Sodium Metal Anodes with Sodiophilic and Superionic Interphase.

Nano letters·2026
Same author

Atomic Evolution of Hydrogen Intercalation Wave Dynamics in Palladium Nanocrystals Revealed by Liquid-Phase Transmission Electron Microscopy.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Revealing competitive interfacial reactions in high-energy Li-S batteries.

Nature·2026
Same author

Staging and defect-limited intercalation of FeCl<sub>3</sub> in graphite electrodes.

Nature communications·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 21, 2025

Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy
10:28

Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy

Published on: May 27, 2018

8.8K

Observing ion diffusion and reciprocating hopping motion in water.

Sangui Liu1, Xinbao Han1,2, Colin Ophus3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.

Science Advances
|July 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers observed polyoxometalate (POM) ion dynamics in water using advanced microscopy. They discovered ions exhibit unique hopping motions and form transient, active oligomers, revealing structure-dependent interactions in solution.

More Related Videos

Quantitative Locomotion Study of Freely Swimming Micro-organisms Using Laser Diffraction
10:03

Quantitative Locomotion Study of Freely Swimming Micro-organisms Using Laser Diffraction

Published on: October 25, 2012

11.6K
High-Resolution Neutron Spectroscopy to Study Picosecond-Nanosecond Dynamics of Proteins and Hydration Water
08:48

High-Resolution Neutron Spectroscopy to Study Picosecond-Nanosecond Dynamics of Proteins and Hydration Water

Published on: April 28, 2022

1.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 21, 2025

Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy
10:28

Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy

Published on: May 27, 2018

8.8K
Quantitative Locomotion Study of Freely Swimming Micro-organisms Using Laser Diffraction
10:03

Quantitative Locomotion Study of Freely Swimming Micro-organisms Using Laser Diffraction

Published on: October 25, 2012

11.6K
High-Resolution Neutron Spectroscopy to Study Picosecond-Nanosecond Dynamics of Proteins and Hydration Water
08:48

High-Resolution Neutron Spectroscopy to Study Picosecond-Nanosecond Dynamics of Proteins and Hydration Water

Published on: April 28, 2022

1.8K

Area of Science:

  • Solution Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Understanding ion behavior in solution is crucial but experimentally challenging.
  • Existing models lack detailed insights into ion interactions and dynamics post-dissolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To visualize and understand the real-time diffusion, aggregation, and motion of polyoxometalate (POM) ions in water.
  • To investigate the factors influencing ion dynamics and interactions in aqueous solutions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized liquid phase transmission electron microscopy (LP-TEM) for in-situ observation.
  • Analyzed real-time video data to track individual ion movements and cluster formations.

Main Results:

  • Observed unexpected local reciprocating hopping motion of POM ions, potentially due to water molecule bridging.
  • Documented the formation, splitting, and rearrangement of highly active ion oligomers in dilute solutions.
  • Identified weak counterion-mediated interactions governing oligomer dynamics and structure-dependent directional interactions for tetrahedral POM ions.

Conclusions:

  • Real-time observation provides unprecedented insights into ion behavior in solution.
  • Water molecule interactions significantly influence ion mobility.
  • The geometry of ions dictates their interaction dynamics, highlighting structure-property relationships in solution.