PARP10 is highly expressed and associated with inferior outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemia is a heterogeneous disease of the hematopoietic system, which possesses a poor prognosis; thus, the identification of novel molecular markers is urgently needed to better define the risk stratification and optimize treatment therapies for this disease. Here, we investigated the roles of the PARP family genes in AML by analyzing their mRNA expression profiles and their association with clinical features using data from TCGA and GSE. Our results showed that PARP10 was significantly more highly expressed in AML samples than in normal controls, and high expression of PARP10 was associated with older age (≥60 years, P = 0.012), more frequent TP53 mutations (P = 0.024), high-risk stratification (P < 0.05), and poorer outcomes (P < 0.05). Patients with high expression of PARP10 exhibited significantly poorer overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) than those with low PARP10 expressions (OS: median: 0.88 vs. 2.19 years; P = 0.001; EFS: median: 0.65 vs. 1.12 years; P = 0.041). Multivariate analysis indicated that high expression of PARP10 was an independent risk factor for poorer OS and EFS in AML patients. Moreover, we found that allo-SCT improved OS for AML patients with high PARP10 expression but not for patients with low PARP10 expression, while allo-SCT decreased EFS for patients with low PARP10 expression. Finally, we confirmed that PARP10 knockout impaired AML cell proliferation in vitro. In summary, our data suggested that PARP10 is aberrantly expressed in AML, and high expression of PARP10 might be a biomarker for poor prognosis and also a potential indicator for allo-SCT therapy, which might provide precise treatment indications for physicians.