Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 21, 2025
02:28
Author Spotlight: Self-Assessment Protocol for Predicting Psoriatic Arthritis in Psoriasis Patients
Published on: March 1, 2024
432
Episiotomy Skills Self-Efficacy Scale (ESSES): Development and psychometric properties
Aytül Hadımlı1, Aysun Eksioglu1, Nur Duman1
1Ege University Faculty of Health Sciences, Midwifery Department, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
Nurse Education Today
|July 28, 2023
Summary
Midwifery students
Area of Science:
- Nursing and Midwifery Education
- Surgical Skills Assessment
- Psychometric Validation
Background:
- Episiotomy is a common obstetric procedure.
- Midwifery students experience anxiety and reduced self-efficacy related to episiotomy.
- A validated tool to measure episiotomy skills self-efficacy is lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop the Episiotomy Skills Self-Efficacy Scale (ESSE).
- To evaluate the psychometric properties of the ESSE.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional, methodological study design.
- Scale development involved literature review, expert panel, and content validity assessment.
- Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, and item-total correlations were used for validity and reliability testing.
Main Results:
- Factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure explaining 77.96% of the variance.
- The scale comprises two dimensions: "Preparation for and Implementation of Episiotomy" (11 items) and "Episiotomy Repair and Control" (8 items).
- The Episiotomy Skills Self-Efficacy Scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.97).
Conclusions:
- The Episiotomy Skills Self-Efficacy Scale is a valid and reliable instrument.
- The scale is suitable for assessing midwifery students' self-efficacy in episiotomy skills.
- Its brevity and ease of administration facilitate practical application in educational settings.
Related Concept Videos
02:45Self-Discrepancy Theory
18.4K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
18.4K
02:08Trait and State Self-Esteem
10.9K
The term self-esteem is often used generically, to refer to how people feel about themselves. However, according to research, there are three distinct constructs that should not be used interchangeably (Brown & Marshall, 2006).
10.9K
01:22Self-Report Tests of Personality
381
Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
381
01:17Erikson's Theory on Socioemotional Development during Adolescence
161
Erik Erikson's fifth stage of psychosocial development, "identity versus role confusion," is crucial during adolescence (ages 12 to 18). In this stage, adolescents face the developmental task of forging a distinct personal identity, a process influenced by social, psychological, and biological changes typical of this period. Adolescents naturally explore different roles, behaviors, and ideologies as they navigate complex questions of self-concept, asking, "Who am I?" and...
161
03:00Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification
5.2K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
5.2K
01:30Socioemotional Development during Infancy
84
Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
Primary Temperament Types
84