Real-world severe asthma biologic administration and adherence differs by biologic: CHRONICLE study results.

Area of Science:

• Pulmonology
• Real-world evidence
• Pharmacovigilance

Background:

• Patient adherence to biologic therapies is critical for managing severe asthma (SA).
• Previous adherence assessments in SA relied on potentially limited healthcare insurance claims data.
• Specialist-reported data offers a more accurate view of biologic administration and adherence.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate real-world biologic administration and adherence in US adults with severe asthma.
• To compare adherence rates across different biologic agents and administration settings.
• To identify factors influencing adherence to severe asthma biologic therapies.

Main Methods:

• The CHRONICLE study (NCT03373045) is a noninterventional, real-world study of US adults with SA.
• Specialists reported all biologic administrations (benralizumab, dupilumab, mepolizumab, omalizumab, reslizumab) and locations.
• Adherence was measured by proportion of days covered (PDC) and time to receive the equivalent of 52 weeks of doses.

Main Results:

• 87% median proportion of days covered (PDC) for biologic therapies in severe asthma patients.
• An average delay of 58 days was observed in receiving the equivalent of 52 weeks of doses.
• Dupilumab showed lower PDC and longer delays; commercially insured patients exhibited better adherence.

Conclusions:

• Severe asthma patients generally demonstrate good adherence to biologic treatments.
• At-home administrations and shorter dosing intervals may correlate with increased adherence challenges.
• Specialist-reported data provides valuable insights into biologic adherence, potentially correcting overestimations from insurance claims.