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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 21, 2025

Functional Interrogation of Adult Hypothalamic Neurogenesis with Focal Radiological Inhibition

Functional Interrogation of Adult Hypothalamic Neurogenesis with Focal Radiological Inhibition

Published on: November 14, 2013

Neural Progenitor Cells and the Hypothalamus.

Evanthia A Makrygianni¹, George P Chrousos¹

¹University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health & Precision Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.

|July 29, 2023

Summary

Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in the human hypothalamus form a complex niche. This sophisticated neurogenic niche regulates brain circuits and neurogenesis via various signaling molecules.

Keywords:

circumventricular organs extracellular vesicles hypothalamic nuclei neural circuits neural progenitor cells neurogenic niche neuropeptides neurotransmitters tanycytes

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Last Updated: Jul 21, 2025

Functional Interrogation of Adult Hypothalamic Neurogenesis with Focal Radiological Inhibition

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Published on: November 14, 2013

Neonatal Pial Surface Electroporation

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Heat-Induced Antigen Retrieval: An Effective Method to Detect and Identify Progenitor Cell Types during Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis

Heat-Induced Antigen Retrieval: An Effective Method to Detect and Identify Progenitor Cell Types during Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis

Published on: August 30, 2013

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Stem Cell Biology
Neurogenesis

Background:

Neural progenitor cells (NPCs), also known as neural stem cells (NSCs), self-renew and differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes.
In the adult brain, NPCs are found in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and subgranular zone (SGZ).
Evidence suggests NPCs exist in the postnatal/adult hypothalamus, crucial for regulating homeostatic processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the neurogenic niche in the postnatal/adult human hypothalamus.
To characterize the cellular components and potential functions of hypothalamic NPCs.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on hypothalamic neurogenesis.
Comparative analysis of rodent and human hypothalamic neurogenic niches.

Main Results:

In rodents, hypothalamic NPCs are mainly tanycytes near the 3rd ventricle.
In humans, the hypothalamic neurogenic niche includes tanycytes, ependymal cells, ribbon cells, and suprachiasmatic cells.
A complex, multi-subniche structure is proposed for the human hypothalamic neurogenic niche.

Conclusions:

The human hypothalamus harbors a sophisticated neurogenic niche with at least four subniches.
This niche plays a key role in regulating hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic neurogenesis and neural circuits.
Regulation involves the release of neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, extracellular vesicles (EVs), and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs).