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Human Milk Feeding Is Associated with Decreased Incidence of Moderate-Severe Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Extremely

Sergio Verd1, Roser Porta2, Gemma Ginovart2

  • 1Department of Pediatric Care Primary Unit, La Vileta Surgery, Health Sciences Research Institute (IUNICS), Balearic University, 07122 Palma, Spain.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 29, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Human milk feeding at discharge significantly reduces the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in extremely preterm infants. This study highlights the protective effect of human milk in preventing BPD, showing an inverse relationship with its incidence.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Infant Nutrition

Background:

  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a significant concern in extremely preterm infants.
  • Human milk feeding is hypothesized to offer protection against BPD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between human milk feeding at discharge and the incidence of moderate-to-severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
  • To analyze temporal trends of BPD and human milk feeding rates in extremely preterm infants.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective descriptive study of infants born between 22+0 and 26+6 weeks gestation (2004-2019).
  • Data from the Spanish network SEN1500.
  • Primary outcome: moderate-severe BPD; secondary: human milk feeding at discharge.

Main Results:

  • The rate of moderate-severe BPD was 43.7% in 4341 infants, exceeding 50% in the last three years.
  • Exclusive human milk feeding and any human milk at discharge were associated with lower BPD incidence (OR 0.752 and 0.714, respectively).
  • Factors associated with higher BPD risk included low birth weight, male sex, and prolonged mechanical ventilation.

Conclusions:

  • Human milk feeding at neonatal unit discharge shows an inverse relationship with the occurrence of BPD.
  • Promoting human milk feeding may be a key strategy in preventing BPD in vulnerable preterm infants.
Abstract

Keywords:
breastfeedingbronchopulmonary dysplasiaextremely pretermhuman milk feeding

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