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Hydrogel-Impregnated Self-Oxygenating Electrospun Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering.

Robin Augustine1, Vasilios K Nikolopoulos1, Gulden Camci-Unal1,2

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 29, 2023
PubMed
Summary

New biomaterial scaffolds release oxygen to enhance bone healing. These self-oxygenating scaffolds improve cell survival and bone formation, addressing key challenges in bone tissue engineering.

Keywords:
CaO2GelMAPCLbone tissue engineeringoxygen-generating materialsscaffolds

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Bone defects from trauma, disease, or aging pose clinical challenges.
  • Existing bone-tissue engineering scaffolds often lack sufficient mechanical strength and bioactive agents.
  • Adequate oxygen supply is crucial for bone formation, yet hypoxia is common in bone diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop self-oxygenating composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
  • To investigate the potential of these scaffolds for enhancing cell survival and bone formation, particularly under hypoxic conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun scaffolds impregnated with gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel.
  • Incorporation of calcium peroxide (CaO2) nanoparticles into PCL scaffolds to enable sustained oxygen release.
  • Evaluation of scaffold-induced oxygen generation, mechanical properties, cytocompatibility, and pre-osteoblast response under hypoxic conditions.

Main Results:

  • Increased CaO2 nanoparticle content significantly enhanced oxygen generation, modulated by GelMA impregnation.
  • The composite scaffolds exhibited improved cytocompatibility, pre-osteoblast adhesion, and proliferation under hypoxia.
  • CaO2 nanoparticles improved scaffold mechanical properties, while GelMA enhanced cell adhesion and proliferation.

Conclusions:

  • Developed self-oxygenating composite scaffolds show promise for bone tissue engineering.
  • These scaffolds effectively deliver oxygen, enhance cell viability, and promote osteogenic activity, especially in hypoxic environments.
  • The combination of PCL, GelMA, and CaO2 offers a multifunctional biomaterial solution for challenging bone defects.