Clinical Features and Risk Stratification of Multiple Myeloma Patients with COVID-19

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Infectious Diseases
• Immunology

Background:

• Multiple myeloma (MM) patients exhibit increased susceptibility to severe COVID-19.
• Understanding clinical features and treatment impacts is crucial for managing MM patients with SARS-CoV-2.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize clinical features of COVID-19 in MM patients.
• To assess the impact of MM treatments on COVID-19 outcomes.
• To review serological responses for prevention strategies.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 34 MM patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection (March 2020-August 2021).
• Examined effects of chemotherapy, Bamlanivimab, and daratumumab on hospitalization and mortality.
• Reviewed serological responses post-infection/vaccination.

Main Results:

• MM patients showed higher hospitalization and mortality rates from COVID-19, particularly those on active chemotherapy.
• Advanced age, high-risk myeloma, renal disease, and poor disease control predicted adverse outcomes.
• Daratumumab did not worsen outcomes or affect seropositivity; neutralizing antibodies decreased mortality.

Conclusions:

• MM patients, especially those on chemotherapy, require careful COVID-19 management.
• Neutralizing antibody testing post-vaccination may be beneficial for MM patients.
• Risk stratification based on age, disease status, and comorbidities is essential.