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An In Vitro Protocol for Evaluating MicroRNA Levels, Functions, and Associated Target Genes in Tumor Cells
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miRNAs: Potential as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Cancer

Atonu Chakrabortty1, Daniel J Patton1, Bruce F Smith1,2

  • 1Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.

Genes
|July 29, 2023
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial regulators of gene expression implicated in human and canine cancers. This review highlights their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for improved cancer treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally.
  • Dysregulated miRNA expression is linked to numerous human and canine diseases, particularly cancer.
  • Altered miRNA levels in cancer suggest their role in oncogenesis and potential as biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the significance of miRNAs in human and canine cancer research.
  • To discuss the current status and future potential of miRNAs as diagnostic markers.
  • To explore the therapeutic applications of miRNAs in cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications on miRNA in cancer.
  • Analysis of miRNA biogenesis and regulatory mechanisms in oncogenesis.
  • Evaluation of miRNA's role in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy.

Main Results:

  • miRNAs are key regulators of gene expression with altered levels in various cancers.
  • Numerous miRNAs show promise as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
  • miRNA-based therapies have demonstrated clinical benefits and offer insights into chemotherapy resistance.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs play a vital role in human and canine cancer.
  • miRNAs hold significant potential as diagnostic biomarkers for early detection and prognosis.
  • Targeting miRNAs offers a promising avenue for novel cancer therapies and personalized treatment strategies.
Keywords:
biomarkercancermiRNAsoncomiRstherapeuticstumor-suppressor miRNAs

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