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Principles of Rational COVID-19 Therapy in Pediatrics
Oksana D Nemyatykh1, Marina A Maistrenko2, Dina D Demchenko1
1Department of Management and Economics of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint-Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Prof. Popova Str., 14 Lit. A, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
Insights
Global COVID-19 pediatric therapy primarily uses an etiotropic-pathogenetic approach. Key drugs include remdesivir, nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, dexamethasone, and tocilizumab, with ongoing research into long-term effects.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacotherapy
- Global Health
Background:
- COVID-19 presents unique challenges in pediatric populations.
- Understanding global therapeutic strategies is crucial for effective patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comparatively assess COVID-19 therapy concepts for pediatric patients globally.
- To analyze current etiotropic, pathogenetic, and symptomatic treatment approaches.
Main Methods:
- Structural analysis of drugs and treatment strategies.
- Review of international clinical practice guidelines and drug utilization.
Main Results:
- An etiotropic-pathogenetic approach dominates global pediatric COVID-19 treatment.
- Eight etiotropic and 18 pathogenetic therapy agents are used internationally.
- Remdesivir, nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, dexamethasone, and tocilizumab are frequently used.
Conclusions:
- The current global approach to pediatric COVID-19 therapy prioritizes etiotropic and pathogenetic treatments.
- Further research is needed to evaluate treatment regimens and long-term consequences of childhood COVID-19.
Abstract:
The purpose of this review was to conduct a comparative assessment of the concepts of therapy for pediatric patients with COVID-19 in the framework of global clinical practice. A structural analysis of the range of drugs and treatment strategies in the context of etiotropic, pathogenetic, and symptomatic therapy has shown that in the global context and in real clinical practice, the etiotropic-pathogenetic approach based on information about the effectiveness of individual medical technologies prevails today. It has been established that eight international nonproprietary/grouping names are present in international practice as means of etiotropic therapy for pediatric patients with COVID-19, and 18 positions are used for pathogenetic therapy. In terms of frequency of occurrence, the leading positions are occupied by remdesivir and the combination of nirmatrelvir with ritonavir, as well as dexamethasone and tocilizumab. The paper emphasizes the relevance of research in the field of evaluating the effectiveness of individual treatment regimens as well as the analysis of the delayed consequences of pathology suffered in childhood under the conditions of using various approaches to pharmacotherapy.
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