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Related Concept Videos

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 21, 2025

Engineering Skeletal Muscle Tissues from Murine Myoblast Progenitor Cells and Application of Electrical Stimulation
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Tissue-Engineered Skeletal Muscles.

Shudong Zhao1, Jishizhan Chen1, Lei Wu1

  • 1Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2QG, UK.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|July 29, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer a promising solution for skeletal muscle tissue engineering, addressing volumetric muscle loss (VML) and enhancing regenerative medicine. Further research into iPSC applications can revolutionize treatments and drug discovery.

Keywords:
biohybrid musclesdisease modellinginduced pluripotent stem cellsskeletal muscletissue engineeringtransplantation therapies

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Skeletal muscle is crucial for movement and metabolism, but severe injuries cause volumetric muscle loss (VML), impairing regeneration.
  • Tissue engineering presents a viable strategy to restore lost muscle tissue and function.
  • Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a key cell source for creating artificial skeletal muscles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in the field of tissue-engineered artificial skeletal muscles.
  • To highlight advancements, applications, and challenges associated with iPSCs for clinical translation in muscle regeneration.
  • To discuss strategies for overcoming limitations in differentiation, characterization, scale-up, and regulatory aspects of iPSC-based therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on iPSC applications in skeletal muscle tissue engineering.
  • Analysis of iPSC differentiation protocols and characterization techniques.
  • Examination of challenges and considerations for clinical translation and large-scale production.

Main Results:

  • iPSCs possess pluripotency and self-renewal capabilities, making them suitable for constructing functional tissue-engineered muscles.
  • iPSC-based models show potential for disease modeling and drug discovery, reducing animal model dependency.
  • Significant progress has been made, but challenges remain in differentiation efficiency, scalability, and regulatory approval.

Conclusions:

  • iPSCs hold transformative potential for skeletal muscle tissue engineering and therapeutic interventions.
  • Addressing challenges in differentiation, production, and regulation is crucial for successful clinical translation.
  • Future developments in iPSC technology promise to advance regenerative medicine and personalized therapies for muscle disorders.