[Therapeutic principle of organ replacement--artificial organs]

The natural or artificial replacement of organs provides the aimed influence on terminal phases of organ diseases. The hitherto obtained solutions for the replacement in diseases of kidneys, the heart, the lungs, the pancreas and the liver are developed in a different way. For the natural replacement of organs ameliorations in the fields of recipient conditioning, immunotherapy, prophylaxis against infections in operative and technical prerequisites given are subject of further efforts. The complex of problems artificial replacement of organs in the sense of the influence on global and partial organ dysfunctions organ-related reveals different consideration and development. The most advanced perfectioning is existing for the artificial kidney. The elementary and relatively high need of replacement of organs is another challenge to medical and technological sciences.