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Mechanisms of Long-Term Persistence of Mycoplasmas in Children with Asthma

Luisa G Gorina1, Natalya A Krylova2, Irina V Rakovskaya1

  • 1Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 123098 Moscow, Russia.

Microorganisms
|July 29, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Mycoplasma hominis DNA and antigens persist long-term in children with asthma. Circulating immune complexes (CICs) indicate disease severity and treatment response.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Mycoplasma infections are linked to childhood asthma, complicating disease management.
  • Understanding the persistence of Mycoplasma in asthmatic children is crucial for effective treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the duration of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mpn) and Mycoplasma hominis (Mh) persistence in children with asthma.
  • To analyze the presence of Mpn and Mh antigens and DNA in free states, circulating immune complexes (CICs), and cells.

Main Methods:

  • Observed 205 children (1-14 years) with asthma.
  • Utilized aggregate-hemagglutination (AHAA), direct immunofluorescence (DIF), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and culture methods.
  • Re-examined 47 children after azithromycin treatment for Mycoplasma infection.

Main Results:

  • Mycoplasma antigens and DNA were found to persist long-term in free states, CICs, and as "microcolonies".
  • Post-treatment, samples showed a significant decrease in free-state and CIC-associated antigens and DNA.
  • Culture confirmed Mh in 65.5% of DNA-positive samples and Mpn in 9 antigen-positive samples.

Conclusions:

  • Mycoplasma infection contributes to long-term antigen and DNA persistence in asthmatic children.
  • High levels of CICs can predict disease progression and therapeutic outcomes in pediatric asthma.
  • Targeting Mycoplasma persistence may improve asthma management in children.
Keywords:
DNAantigensasthmacirculating immune complexesmicrocoloniesmycoplasma infectiontreatment

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