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Alpha-Gal Bound Aptamer and Vancomycin Synergistically Reduce Staphylococcus aureus Infection In Vivo.

Matthew K Doherty1, Claire Shaw1, Leslie Woods2

  • 1Population Health and Reproduction, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.

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|July 29, 2023
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Summary

Novel aptamer therapy combined with vancomycin shows promise in controlling Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. This combination approach may offer a new strategy against antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Keywords:
MRSAantimicrobialantimicrobial resistanceaptamer antibioticsepsis

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a significant and ongoing challenge, necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies or adjuncts.
  • Aptamers, which are single-stranded oligonucleotides with specific binding capabilities, offer a potential therapeutic avenue, particularly when used alongside existing antibiotics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of the αSA31 aptamer as a monotherapy and in combination with vancomycin for treating MRSA infections in a mouse model.
  • To assess the impact of aptamer-vancomycin combination therapy on disease progression and survival rates.

Main Methods:

  • BALB/c GTKO mice were infected with MRSA and treated with either the αSA31 aptamer, vancomycin, or a combination of both.
  • Post-treatment, organs (heart, lungs, liver, spleen, kidneys) were analyzed histologically and via qPCR.
  • Survival rates were monitored throughout the experimental period.

Main Results:

  • Mice treated with αSA31 aptamer alone did not survive.
  • Vancomycin monotherapy resulted in a 5/12 survival rate.
  • The combination of vancomycin and αSA31 aptamer yielded a 7/12 survival rate, demonstrating reduced disease persistence and dispersion compared to monotherapies.

Conclusions:

  • The combination of vancomycin and the αSA31 aptamer is a potentially novel and effective strategy for controlling MRSA infections.
  • Aptamers may represent a viable therapeutic option for combating other emerging antibiotic-resistant pathogens.