MicroRNAs-Based Theranostics against Anesthetic-Induced Neurotoxicity

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Molecular Biology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Prolonged exposure to general anesthetics is linked to neurotoxicity, manifesting as behavioral and cognitive impairments.
• MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression with emerging therapeutic potential.
• Engineered miRNAs, including agomirs and antagomirs, have demonstrated an ability to counteract neurotoxic effects.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the potential of engineered miRNAs as prophylactic and/or therapeutic agents against general anesthetic-induced neurotoxicity.
• To discuss the challenges and feasibility of using miRNAs in clinical settings for neurological protection.
• To provide updates on novel neuro-miRNAs for treating neurotoxicity associated with amyloid beta and Parkinson's disease.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of clinical reports and in vitro/in vivo studies on anesthetic neurotoxicity.
• Analysis of the mechanisms by which miRNAs modulate gene expression and cellular function.
• Examination of engineered miRNA strategies (agomirs, antagomirs) for neuroprotection.

Main Results:

• Engineered miRNAs show significant potential in mitigating anesthetic-induced neurotoxicity and associated cognitive deficits.
• Synthetic miRNA oligos offer a viable approach for therapeutic intervention.
• The review highlights the promise of miRNAs in addressing neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

Conclusions:

• Engineered miRNAs represent a promising strategy for preventing and treating general anesthetic-induced neurotoxicity.
• Further research is needed to address challenges and optimize the clinical application of miRNA-based therapies.
• miRNAs hold potential for novel therapeutic interventions against various neurotoxic insults and neurodegenerative diseases.