Multi-Objective Optimization Method for Signalized Intersections in Intelligent Traffic Network

Urban intersections are one of the most common sources of traffic congestion. Especially for multiple intersections, an appropriate control method should be able to regulate the traffic flow within the control area. The intersection signal-timing problem is crucial for ensuring efficient traffic operations, with the key issues being the determination of a traffic model and the design of an optimization algorithm. So, an optimization method for signalized intersections integrating a multi-objective model and an NSGAIII-DAE algorithm is established in this paper. Firstly, the multi-objective model is constructed including the usual signal control delay and traffic capacity indices. In addition, the conflict delay caused by right-turning vehicles crossing straight-going non-motor vehicles is considered and combined with the proposed algorithm, enabling the traffic model to better balance the traffic efficiency of intersections without adding infrastructure. Secondly, to address the challenges of diversity and convergence faced by the classic NSGA-III algorithm in solving traffic models with high-dimensional search spaces, a denoising autoencoder (DAE) is adopted to learn the compact representation of the original high-dimensional search space. Some genetic operations are performed in the compressed space and then mapped back to the original search space through the DAE. As a result, an appropriate balance between the local and global searching in an iteration can be achieved. To validate the proposed method, numerical experiments were conducted using actual traffic data from intersections in Jinzhou, China. The numerical results show that the signal control delay and conflict delay are significantly reduced compared with the existing algorithm, and the optimal reduction is 33.7% and 31.3%, respectively. The capacity value obtained by the proposed method in this paper is lower than that of the compared algorithm, but it is also 11.5% higher than that of the current scheme in this case. The comparisons and discussions demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method designed for improving the efficiency of signalized intersections.