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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Social Science

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted global health and societal norms.
  • Widespread vaccine development led to societal discussions and varied public perceptions of vaccines.
  • Understanding shifts in vaccination attitudes is crucial for public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess changes in college students' attitudes toward vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To compare vaccine attitudes between 2021 and 2022 among a student population.
  • To identify factors associated with shifts in vaccine perception.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal survey design was employed, with initial data collected in 2021 and follow-up data in 2022.
  • The study involved 316 respondents for the initial survey, with 192 completing the follow-up.
  • Surveys measured changes in attitudes towards vaccines and explored associated demographic and belief-based factors.

Main Results:

  • Approximately 55% of students reported no change in their vaccine attitudes.
  • A significant portion, around 44%, showed a more positive attitude toward vaccines in the follow-up survey.
  • Only about 1% of respondents exhibited more negative vaccine attitudes; improved views correlated with political alignment and trust in healthcare, while negative views were linked to fertility concerns.

Conclusions:

  • The majority of college students maintained stable vaccine attitudes during the pandemic.
  • A notable percentage of students developed more positive views on vaccines, influenced by trust in medicine and healthcare systems.
  • Specific concerns, such as perceived effects on fertility, were associated with negative shifts in vaccine perception.