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COVID-19 exacerbating ESRD induced pericardial effusion requiring pericardial window: A case report

Aryaan Khan1, Michael L Hudson2, Tyler R Petree2

  • 1University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Saint Kitts and Nevis.

International Journal of Surgery Case Reports
|July 29, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Recurrent pericardial effusion in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, especially post-transplant and with COVID-19, can be effectively managed. A sub-xiphoid pericardial window procedure prevents cardiac tamponade.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Pericardial effusion can lead to life-threatening cardiac tamponade.
  • Recurrent effusions often require surgical intervention, such as pericardial windows.
  • End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a known risk factor for pericardial effusion.

Observation:

  • A 53-year-old male with ESRD and post-renal transplant experienced recurrent pericardial effusion.
  • The effusion was exacerbated by a concurrent COVID-19 infection.
  • The patient presented an uncommon clinical scenario requiring prompt management.

Findings:

  • Successful management of recurrent pericardial effusion was achieved using a sub-xiphoid pericardial window and right-sided thoracostomy.
  • This case highlights the successful surgical drainage of pericardial effusion in a complex patient profile.
  • Limited case reports exist for this specific combination of conditions.

Implications:

  • COVID-19 infection can significantly worsen pericardial effusion in ESRD patients, particularly those post-transplant.
  • Sub-xiphoid pericardial window remains a crucial and effective procedure for managing recurrent pericardial effusion and preventing cardiac tamponade.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering infectious triggers in patients with ESRD and pericardial effusion.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19Cardiac tamponadeESRDPericardial windowRenal transplant

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